were the initially planned death marches.

Despite the resistance of Zigrist and Hilti and other European engineers, all the Armenians engaged in the construction of the Baghdad Railway soon become participants of the death marches.

Clara records the horrors of the time first in her dairy and then in her special eyewitness account. In his turn, Fritz adds to his wife’s notes.

Dora Sakayan has decoded the century-old documents written in Gothic handwriting, adapted them in detail and fit them in their era. In addition all this, by citing Haik Aramyan’s Armenian-language book, the author tells the reader how, in June 1916, Zigrist and Hilti helped their storage director Aramyan to escape and save his life.

The book was published by YSU Publishing House.

Dora Sakayan is a Honorary Doctor of Yerevan State University, a recipient of the Gold Medal of the RA Ministry of Education and Science, recipient of the Saint Sahak and Saint Mesrop Medal of the Armenian Apostolic Church and Professor of the University of McGill in Canada. She has received the highest “Cross for the Order of the Worthy” Civil Order of the Federal Republic of Germany and is author of dozens of books and scientific articles.